Global Patent Quality Statistics & Investment Analysis
Patent Quality Statistics
If patents represent the best innovation, then a strong measure of innovation at the corporate and national levels is the measure of patent quality at the corporate and national levels. What follows below are: first, our comprehensive statistics and measurements of U.S. patent quality and valuations; second, interactive graphs of this data; third, patent statistics from government agencies around the world. This data can also be used for stock market analysis, which we are incorporating into stock market recommendations for companies with significant patent portfolios.
Statistics on U.S. and Global Patent Quality
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2013 U.S. Patent Quality Statistics spreadsheet (xls)
- weekly data from 1984 to 2012 of multiple statistics on issued U.S. patents: quality, pendency, value, etc. -
Explanation to U.S. Patent Quality Statistics spreadsheet
- link for the current version of the spreadsheet will always be
http://www.global-patent-quality.com/DOCUMENTS/USPatStats.xls - Table of U.S. patent lawsuit damages, settlements and licenses
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USPTO Filing/Issuance/Pendings/RCEs/CONs/DIVs 1980-2012 (xls)
- annual data for numbers of patent applications at different stages of examination inside the USPTO. -
Patent applications and the performance of the U.S. Patent
and Trademark Office
- Univ. Richmond School of Law 2013 report explaining previous spreadsheet, writen by Christopher Cotropia, Cecil Quillen Jr. and Ogden Webster
Interactive graphs of weekly/yearly patent quality/finance data
While the data in the above spreadsheets are quite powerful, it is visually boring. We have prepared a series of interactive graphs (using Javascript) to better reveal patent quality trends. Feel free to request other types of patent quality graphs we can add to the Web site, and please send us any improvements you can make to our Javascripts.
Weekly/yearly data from 1980 to 2012 - economics and patent statistics
- Weekly price of Gold, Nasdaq Composite v. number of issued US patents
- Yearly number of U.S. patent applications versus US GDP, SP500, Nikkei
- Year end prices for Gold, Cisco, Intel, HP, Yahoo, Sony, GE, Nokia, TI, Motorola, Xerox, Kodak, Patent Count
- Year end prices for Palladium, Dell, Ericsson, Tencor, Lilly, Medtron, Pfizer, Glaxo, Abbott, Merck, Ford, DowChem
- Yearly U.S. long term unemployment versus number of patent applications
- Yearly global number of spaceflight patents and applications
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Value of intangible assets (IP, R&D) as added to U.S. GDP
(Note: US Burean of Economic Affairs's new calc circa July 2013 - Yearly percentage of R&D 100 Award winners from 1977 to 2004 that were patented (study from Bocconi University, Italy - average is 10%, but authors missed many relevant patents - no professional patent searcher was involved)
Weekly patent data from 1984 to 2012
- Number of issued software patents
- Number of software patents and non-patent prior art cited
- Number of software and non-software electrical patents
- Number of software and non-software electrical patents, and prior art
- Number of patents appls filed, apps published, and issued patents
- Number of issued Mechanical, Chemical and Electrical patents
- Pendency (in months) for Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical and All patents
- Average number of inventors
- Number of U.S. patents issued to US, EU and Asian assignees
- Number of USPTO examiners issuing patents in any one week
- Average number of claims in a patent
- Average claim length (characters) for Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical
- Average number of patent prior art citations, Mech/Chem/Elec
- Average number of non-patent prior art citations, Mech/Chem/Elec
- Percentage of Electrical patents not citing non-patent prior art
Monthly patent data sets
Yearly patent data from 1980 to 2012
- Total number of patent applications, and number of all refiles
- Total number of refiles, and number of RCEs, CONs, CIPs, DIVs
- Counts of RCEs by Art Units at USPTO (PDF only) - (from Prof. Sean Tu, WVU Law School, March 2013)
- Total disposals, applications allowed, number abandoned refiled
- Total abandoned, number refiled, number not refiled
- Patent applications allowed, and patent applications issued
- Allowance rate uncorrected, corrected with refiles
- Backlog: applications pending, applications awaiting first exam
- PCT applications: total, North America, Asia, Europe + Australia
Other Statistics on Patents
Patent Value/Royalty/Licensing Analysis tools
For those with one or more quality patents, an important economic question is that of determining the financial value of a patent portfolio. What follows is some links to free tools on the Internet to help with such assessments.
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IPscore - database for qualitative/quantitative patent analysis
Danish/European Patent Offices, Feb 2010 -
Valuate 2000 and ValBio2000 - patent licensing calculation manual
Martha Luehrmann, UCBerkeley/AUTM, Feb 2000
Valuate 2000 - Excel spreadsheet (xls)
ValBio2000 - Excel spreadsheet (xls)
Inadequate (Inter)National Government Patent Statistics
For over 30 years, patent offices, government agencies and patent lawyer associations around the world have measured patent quality simplistically, if it all, which makes it impossible to measure true patent quality, innovation quality and the economic benefits of patents and innovation to their countries or clients. None of their statistics are easily usable by themselves or the public.
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Investigation: U.S. PTO lacks standard policies for quality assurance
U.S. Dept of Commerce Inspector General, November 2010 - Enhancements
needed in computing and reporting patent examination statistics
U.S. General Accounting Office, July 1997 -
U.S. PTO General Patent Statistics
patent counts by inventor, assignee, state, type - nothing about patent pendency or quality -
U.S. PTO Patent Statistics Dashboard
when you don't have anything meaningful/honest to say, say it with silly graphics -
Statistics on PTO Biotech Art Unit (circa 2005 - PPT)
attempt by then Commissioner John Doll to improve quality of PTO statistics. Analysis style not used again at PTO. -
U.S. PTO Patent Public Advisory Committee
supposedly an independent review board of PTO operations, but neither gathers nor publishes any independent statistics on PTO patent quality, pendency or operations. Committee members have no expertise in quality control, nor in engineering workflow analysis. -
White House: Office of Science and Technology Policy
no statistics or data on patent and innovation quality, and no structure data on U.S. federal R&D expenditures and the cost/benefits of those expenditures, despite spending over $40 billion/year on R&D -
US ITC 337 investigations, 1972-2012 statistics
US Int. Trade Commission 337 investigations concern patents infringed by imported products. Traditionally, USITC handled about 20 cases a year, in recent years, about 50 -
Processing delays continue for growing backlog of patent applications
For 20 years, the General Accounting Office has from time to time analyzed statistics of PTO operations and quality, always reporting problems such as growing backlog (analyzed in this 1990 report). Despite many suggestions from the GAO, PTO operational statistics have worsened. -
Five Patent Office (US,EP,JP,KR,CN) Statistical Reports
simple patent counts issued annually from 2011 onwards - nothing about patent pendency or quality -
Four Patent Office (US,EP,JP,KR) Statistical Reports
simple patent counts issued annually from 1996 to 2010 - nothing about patent pendency or quality -
EPO yearly patent statistics
simple patent counts issued annually from 2002 onwards - nothing about patent pendency or quality -
WIPO yearly patent statistics
simple patent counts issued annually from 1980 onwards - nothing about patent pendency or quality -
WIPO Independent Advisory Oversight Committee
Similar to USPTO's PPAC. Despite overseeing WIPO performance, the IAOC doesn't do any statistical analysis -
IMF Data and Statstics
while the IMF has a variety of studies on patents, innovation, and economics, they don't seem to provide any numerical data on the such -
WEF Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012 (10 Mb PDF)
one patent statistic, on page 520, is number of U.S. patents awarded to each country in 2010 -
OECD Patent Statistics Manual 2009
how to calculate simple patent statistics (chapter 1-5), with chapter 6 being much about nonsense patent citations. For the most part, nothing about patent quality -
OECD Patent Statistics
simple counts of patents by technology and region (and you have to pay to access) -
OECD's PCT patent applications with co-inventors located abroad
global patent quality is a chaos plaguing OECD business, and this is the only obscure statistic the OECD offers? -
OECD guide to their patent statistics research
which concerns neither patent quality nor pendency -
OECD's patent statistics
simple patent counts, a few papers, 10 years of reports from "Patent Statistics" conference - for the most part, nothing about patent nor innovation quality -
OECD: Science, Technology and Innnovation Scoreboard 2011
204 page report, Sept. 2011. Chapter 6, Section 13, page 190, has a table of global patent quality, comparing the 1990s and 2000s, showing a decrease. Quality measures based on unreliable statistics such as citation counts, claim counts, patent family size, etc. -
OECD: Declining Patent Quality Around the World
2 minute video - OECD discusses patent quality. Uses data from 2011 Scoreboard. Cute.- Measuring momentum: GIPC International IP Index
U.S. Chamber of Commerce survey of global IP. No data or discussion on patent or innovation quality- Patent office governance and patent systems quality
Pierre Picard, Univ. Luxembourg, May 2011 - useless economic model of patent office quality which makes use of no data on actual patent quality- Invention and Economic Performance in U.S. and its Metropolitan Areas
Brookings Institute study, Feb 2013 - filled with useless observations - cities with more universities and tech companies have more patents than cities with less; people in comas invent less than conscious people; cities with richer cultures have richer inventors; with more inventors there are more patents; scientists are smarter than engineers. Whoopee economics- Australian Patent Office yearly patent statistics
simple patent counts issued annually from 2002 onwards - nothing about patent nor innovation quality- Japanese Patent Office IIP Patent statistics database
simple database of Japanese patent bibliographic information - nothing about patent nor innovation quality- Intellectual Property Owners (IPO - US) patent statistics
simple (and old - pre-2008) patent counts by owner, country, dog's first name - a measure of large corporate apathy to patent quality in not publishing verifications of meager PTO statistics- American Intellectual Property Law Association (AIPLA - US)
has no statistics on patent ... anything. Regularly publishes an "Report of the Economic Survey", which only has statistics on patent costs and fees and law firm demographics - another measure of large corporate apathy to patent quality in not publishing verifications of meager PTO statistics. A simple 2012 AIPLA paper on PTO statistics. - Measuring momentum: GIPC International IP Index
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Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys (CIPA - UK)
has no statistics on U.K. patent ... anything. Patent quality apathy is trans-Atlantic.
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US academic patenting slows, as foreign academic patenting increases
Leydesdorff & Meyer, Scientometrics, Feb 2013 -
Univ. Houston Law Center U.S. Patent Litigation Statistics
decent data on U.S. patent lawsuits
Other statistical reports on patents
Faulty Economic Critiques of the Patent System
Some "economists" try to attack the patent system by arguing that there is little correlation between GDP/productivity and some of the aggregrate patent statistics. The first problem with such attacks is that productivity itself is a suspect economic quantity - see, for example, a blog and hilarious/informative video criticizing Keynesian GDP/productivity measures, Consuming Our Way to Prosperity is Macro Folly, and more formally, a Janaury 2013 Chicago Fed Letter article reporting on the general death of productivity growth across the entire economy (not just the patent-related sector): Where has all the productivity growth gone?.
So when you hear an "economist" arguing "We (probably) don't need patents because their correlation with productivity is .....", unless you are drunk, find someone else to listen to. Such arguments are based on the idealistic economic models they concoct that are based on a poor understanding of technology, patent system dynamics, and real-world business economics. Some of these "economists" include Bessen, Meurer, Boldrin, Levine:
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The [productivity] case against patents
- Michael Boldrin and David Levine, St. Louis Federal Reserve, 2013 -
Patent scholars challenge Bessen & Meurer's bogus $29 billion cost of patent trolls
- Patrick Anderson, Gametime IP, July 2012 -
How Bessen and Meurer misrepresent the vagueness of software patents
- Prof. Andrew Chin, UNC Law School, March 2009 -
Do patents perform like property [and help increase innovation]?
- Michael Meurer and James Bessen, Boston University, 2008